Brake construction



Aug. 29, 1933. E. R. EVANS BRAKE'CONSTRUCTION Original Filed March '301928 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 villi/471474 7 1 1 1! I 1721mm 020' 12.210 726,

Aug. 29, 1933. E, R, EVANS BRAKE cons'rnuc'r'ion Original Filed Marchso, 1928 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 52067725 7 Eda/172E. 310,125, ww wg i vH Aug.29, 1933. E. R. EVANS 7 1,924,112

BRAKE CONSTRUCTION Original Filed March 30, 1928 3 Sheets-Sheet 3Patented Aug. 29, 1933 I TATES FATE arcs

BRAKE CONSTRUCTION Edwin R. Evans, Chicago, 111;

Original application March 30, 1928, Serial No. 265,884. Divided andthis application March 16,1931. Serial No. 522,835 I Claims. (01. 1ss250) This invention relates to brakes and has particular reference to abrake adapted for use in connection with the wheels of motor vehicles.

.It is an object of the present invention to pro- 5 vide a new andimproved brake shoe construction wherebythe shoes may be made fromrolled sections.

It is also an object to provide a construction in which the shoesareformed .with the end of the shoe turned up to afford a bearing for thethrust from the brake operating cam.

It is an additional object to provide a construction in which the turnedup end is supported against-the cam thrust by the integrally v connectedweb of the rolled section.

A further object of this invention is to provide a brake shoe which willbe interchangeable, that is, one which may be readily mounted on eitherside of any wheel on the vehicle.

Still another object of this invention is to provide novel means foranchoring and adjusting the brake shoes.

Still another object of the invention is to provide a brake constructionwherein the brake shoes may be made of standard lengths, the in ventioncontemplatingthe employment of bracing means for reinforcing shoes whenthe standard length shoes are employed for relatively large brakes.

Other and further objects will appear as the description proceeds.

This application is a division of my prior application Serial No.255,884, filed March 30, 1928.

I have shown certain preferred embodiments' of my invention in theaccompanying drawings, in

which- Figure 1 is. an elevational view partly in section showing theinvention applied to a vehicle wheel; v

Figure 2 is a detail elevational view of the brake drum and brakingmechanism;

Figure 3 is a plan view of one end of the brake shoe shown in Figure 2;l

Figure 1 is a fragmentary sectional view through one of the brake shoes;i

Figure 5 is an elevational viewpartly in section of the shoe anchoringand adjusting mechanism;

Figure 6 is a sectional view taken substantially on the line 6-6 ofFigure 5;

Figure 7 is an eievational view of one endof a slightly modifiedform ofbrake shoe;

Figure 8 is a front elevational view of the brake shoe shown in Figure7;

Figure 9 is a fragmentary top plan View of the shoe shown in Figure '7;

. -rFigure IQ is a view similar to Figure 11 showing still another formwhich the invention may assume;

Referring now particularly to the drawings wherein likereferencecharacters designate corresponding parts throughout all views,10 indicates one of the ground wheels of a motor vehicle. This wheel maybe either a front or a rear wheel, since the brake constructed inaccordance with this invention is adapted to be 7 mounted on any groundengaging wheel ofa vehicle The wheel disclosed, however, is preferably afront wheel and '11 designates the front axle, which in accordance withthe usual construction, is provided with a terminal bearing 12 adaptedto receive the swivel pin 13. The wheel 10 is rotatable on the spindle14, which spindle is provided with the upper and lower bearings 15 and16 respectively for engagement with the opposite ends of the swivel pin13..

Carried by the wheel 10 is a brake drum 1'7 and the inner portion of thedrum is preferably closed by a cover, plate 18 which is suitably mountedpreferably by attachment to the bearings 15 and 16 so as to swivel withthe wheel as a unit. The cover plate 18 serves not only to protect thebrake shoes from dirt, but also serves as a support for the brake shoeadjusting mechanism hereinafter to be described.

Mounted within the brake drum 1'7 and adapted for movement intoengagement with this brake drum, .are the brake shoes 19 and 20respectively. As clearly illustrated in Figure 2, eachbrake shoe issubstantially semi-circular so that the twoshoes, when combined, from asubstantially circular brake surface adapted to engage practically theentire inner periphery of the brake drum 17. I

Each brake shoe is substantially T-shaped in cross'section, the web ofthe T being indicated by 'the reference character 21 and the base of theT being indicated by'the reference character 22; The brakeshoes areadapted to be moved into engagement with the drum 1'? by means of a camshaft 23, which passes through an opening 24 in the cover plate 18 andwhich carries on its free end a cam head adapted to engage suitable wearplates or cam follower plates, one of which is carried by one end ofeach brake shoe. As brought out before, it forms a part of thisinvention to simplify the construction of those ends of the brake shoeswhich are adapted to be engaged by the cam head 25. Accordingly, asclearly shown in Figures 2 and 3, each brake shoe is preferably bentupwardly, adjacent one end as at 26 to form a substantially verticallyextending end 27. The bases 22 of these ends 2'7 may then be slightlybent to form a recess 28 adapted to receive a bushing 29. As clearlyshown in Figure 2 of the drawings, each bushing 29 is provided with aflange 30 adapted to seat on the upper edge of the end 2'7 whereby thebushings will be held firmly in place.

The cam head 25 is adapted to engage between the bushings 29 carried byadjacent ends of the brake shoes 19 and 20, so that upon a rotation ofthe cam shaft 23, the head 25 will be moved to force the bushings 29 andthe brake shoes 19 and 20 away from each other. If desired, suitablebracing members 31 may connect the webs of the portions 27 with the websof the substantially circular portions of the brake shoes to brace theends 2'7 of the brake shoes. It will thus be seen that a simple andeiiicient structure will be formed on the ends of the brake shoes 19 and20 for permitting spreading of these brake shoes by the cam head 25.

A further feature of this invention resides in the novel manner ofapplying the lining to each brake shoe. As clearly shown in Figure 4,the base 22 of each brake shoe is provided with a plurality of spacedapertures 35 and is serrated on its outer face as at 36. The lining 3'7is formed of composition material and is molded on the base 22, duringwhich molding operation, portions 38 of the lining will project into'theapertures 35 to firmly lock the lining to the brake shoes. Forpreventing a breaking off of the portions 38, suitable ferrules 40 ofcopper or wire mesh may be first positioned in the aperture 35, and thelining then molded to enclose these ferrules. Thus the portions 38 willbe strongly reinforced. Further by virtue of the serrations orcorrugations on the outer face of the base 22, the lining 3'7 will beadditionally secured to the brake shoes. The lining is molded in aplurality of sections, these sections being spaced from each other bythe slots 39,

. whereby compensation may be made for the conmay be provided a free endon the base 22 of each brake shoe. These free ends 45 are adapted tohave operative engagement with the adjusting mechanism about to bedescribed.

As clearly shown in Figures 1 and 5 of the draw- 5; ings, there issecured to the plate 18 at a point substantially diametrically oppositethe cam head 25, a plate like member 45 provided on its outer face with.a boss 4'7 and on its inner face with a boss e8 which projects throughthe plate 18. The

i boss 4'7 is provided with the counter-bore 49,

which communicates at its lower end with an opening formed through theboss 48. Depending from the boss 48 is an extension 51 counterbored asat 52 to form an opening communicating with the opening 50 and providedwith the diametrically opposed slots 53 through which the free ends 45of the bases 22 are adapted to project, as clearly shown in Figures 5and 6.

Slidably mounted in the opening 52 is a member 55 provided at its oneend with a threaded portion 56. This threaded portion 56 is adapted tobe received in the enlarged counterbore 49, so as to be free fromthreaded engagement with the boss 4'7. A nut 5'7 threadedly engages thethreaded end of the member 55 for adjusting the member 55 longitudinallythrough the opening 52. Obviously rotation of the nut 57 in onedirection will tend to draw the member 55 outwardly, while rotation ofthe nut 5'7 in the other direction will permit longitudinal movement ofthe member 55 inwardly.

For affording a measured longitudinal adjustment of the member 55, thismember is provided, adjacent the free-end of its threaded portion, witha radially arranged socket 60 adapted to receive a ball 61 urgedoutwardly by a spring-62. This ball is adapted to engage any one of aseries of depressions 63 formed on the inner periphery of gagement ofthe ball 61 in the depressions 63, will provide a predeterminedrotational movement of the member 5'7 and longitudinal movement of themember 55. V

For converting the longitudinal movement of the member 55 into lateralmovement of the brake shoes, the body portion of the member 55 isprovided with the diametrically opposed slots or grooves 65. These slotsare tapered as clearly illustrated in Figure 5 of the drawings, andareadapted to receive the ends 45 of the bases 22, which ends are taperedas'at 66 to conform to the taper of the grooves or slots 65. Obviously,longitudinal outward movement of the member 55 will urge the ends 45away from each other to force the brake shoes into engagement with thebrake drum 1'7, while longitudinal adjustment of the member 55 inwardlywill permit movement of the members i5 toward each other to permit thebrake shoes to move away from the drum 1?. For drawing the brake shoestoward each other when the member 55 is adjusted inwardly, there areprovided the springs 6'7 in accordance with the usual practice.

If desired, the connection between the member 55 and the ends 45 may beaccomplished as shown in Figure 2. In this form the member 55 isprovided with the lateral extensions 68 adapted to project through theslots 53 of the extension 51 and the free ends of these extensions arebifurcated as at 69 to embrace the ends 45. The portion between thebifurcations may be tapered sin.- ilar tothe grooves 65.whereby movementof the law member 55 will move the brake shoes in the same manner asbrought out above.

From the above it is believed that the structure U head 25 is firstturned to that position in which 1 the brake shoesare'permittedto'most'closely a'p'- shoes 19 and 20 untilthe-samezcontact'with the inner periphery of the brake drum. Each member 57 on each wheel-is then rotated in the opposite directiona measuredamount as indicatedby the spring pressed ball 61, and the members areforced. inwardly inany desired manner until'the member 57'contacts withthe'boss 47. This will release each set of brake shoes 3, measuredamount, so that upon the actuation of the brakes mounted on the variouswheels the braking forces will be applied uniformly.

In Figures 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11 there is shown a slightly modified form ofconstruction in which a hot pressed wear plate is adapted to be rigidlymounted on those ends of the shoes 19 and 20 which engage the cam head25. In this form of construction one end of each brake shoe is bentupwardly as at to form the vertically extending end 71. This end 71is'provided on its outer face with a recess '72 adapted to receive awear plate or cam follower plate .73. A pin '74 is mounted substantiallycentrally of the end 71, this pin having its one end rigidly mounted asat '75 in a recess formed in the web 21 of the brake shoe. The oppositeend of the pin 74 is adapted to be received in an aperture '76 formed inthe wear plate;73. The wear plate may be welded to-the pin '74 orsecured to the same in any desired manner.

For the rear wheels of the vehicle, each wear plate may be provided witha plane face '77, while for the front wheels of the vehicle, each wearplate 73'may be provided on its front face wear plate is provided on itsfront face with the recesses 79, one of which is arranged on either sideof the vertical median line of the wearplate to provide clearance forthe cam shaft 23. By providing the recess 79 on both sides of the wearplate, the wear plate is adapted'for use on either the right or leftbrake shoe, since the cam shaft 23 may be projected inwardly througheither one recess or the other. It will thus be seen that byinterchanging the wear plates '73 for the front or rear wheels, thebrake shoes will be adapted for use with either the front wheels or rearwheelsof the vehicle.

Obviously in this form of construction the cam head 25 is adapted toengage the wear plates '73 to move the ends of the brake shoes away fromeach other and to effect an engagement of the brake shoes 19 and 20 withthe brake'drum 17.

In Figure l2,'there is shown another slightly modified form ofconstruction. 'In this form of construction, each brake shoe is bent atits lower end to'form a substantially horizontally arranged portion andthe free end 86 of each of these portions'is preferably finshed as bymachining. Each wear plate or cam follower plates? is provided on oneface with a T-shaped groove 88 adapted to receive the finished end 86 ofits rerecesses 89 similar to the recesses 79 and'may be providedwith "aplane face '90 for engagement with the cam head 25 or with the recess 91shown in dotte'd lines, similar to the recess 78.

'In Figure. 13 there is shown still another slightly modified form ofconstruction in which the web 21 of each brake shoe is cut off even atthe end with the'base 22. In this formof construction, 'the wearplate'95 is provided with the flange 96 which is adapted to be bolted orriveted to the web.21 as at '97. In this manner the wear plate 95 may berigidlysecured to the brake shoe I and,if bolted, maybe readily detachedand re placed- Further in this form of construction the ends 45 areeliminated and in their'place an angle 98 provided with a flange 99 isbolted or riveted as at 100 to one end of the web 21. One'leg 101 of theangle member 98 is adapted to be received in the grooves 65 in themember 55, while the other leg 102 of the angle member 98 is adapted toform an anchoring means for the spring 110. The ends 101 are taperedsimilar to the'ends 45 and it is obvious that when these ends areengaged in the tapered grooves, longitudinal movement of the member 55will move the shoes toward or away from each other.

In Figure 14," there is shown still another .then outwardly as at 106 toform the free end 107. This free end of 1071s tapered similar to the end45 of the form of construction shown in Figure 2, and is adapted to bereceived in the tapered'groove 65-of the member 55. By bending the base22 as above described, the force exerted by the longitudinal movement ofthe member 55 is transmitted directly to the webs 21 of the brake shoesto assure a positive adjustment of the brake shoes; I

In order to strengthen and "otherwise reinforce the brake shoes, bracessuchas illustrated at 200 in Figure 2 may be employed, or braces such asindicated at 201 in Figure 15; may be utilized. By providing means forreinforcing the brake shoes these shoes may be constructed in standardlengths and when used in connection with larger brakes employing largerbrake drums, or at any time when reinforcing and strengthening isnecessary, braces suchas shown at 200 and 201. may be utilized. When thebrake shoes are made from stampings considerable metal can be saved bymaking the webs narrower and providing the required rigidity by the useof either of the types of bracing members just hereinbefore described.

While several forms ofthe inventionhave been described somewhat indetail, it is to be clearly understood that the description of theinvention is for the purposes of illustration only, and is not to beconstrued as definitive of the limits to which the invention may beapplied. The right is therefore reserved to make such changes in thedetails of construction and arrangement of having ,a'cylindrical liningreceiving flange andan inwardly extending web, both flange and web beingbent back to formfan actuating face.

2. A brake shoe comprising a rolled section having a cylindrical liningreceiving flange and an inwardly extending web, both flange and webbeing bent back to form an actuating face the bent back portion of theflange beingcurved in cross section to partially enclose an operatingcam.

3. A brake shoe comprising a rolled section having a cylindrical liningreceiving flange and an inwardly extending web, both flange and webbeing bent back to form an actuating face, and being bent laterally toconform to a wheel pivot axis extending outside the plane of the brakeshoe. 4. A brake shoe comprising a rolled T-section having a cylindricalouter flange and inwardly extending web, an end of the section beingbent back to form an actuating portion, the web being bent with theflange whereby the web is integrally connected with and supports theactuating flange face.

5. A brake shoe comprising a rolled T-section

